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外文文獻翻译、外文翻译、中英文翻译——切削技术囷液压.doc20页
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CUTTING TECHNOLOGY&HYDRALICS
1 Automatic Fixture Design
Traditional synchronous grippers for assembly equipment move parts to the gripper centre-line, assuring that the parts will be in a known position after they are picked from a conveyor or nest. However, in some applications, forcing the part to the centre-line may damage either the part or equipment. When the part is delicate and a small collision can result in scrap, when its location is fixed by a machine spindle or mould, or when tolerances are tight, it is preferable to make a gripper comply with the position of the part, rather than the other way around. For these tasks, Zaytran lnc. Of Elyria, Ohio, has created the GPN series of non- synchronous, compliant grippers . Because the force and synchronization systems of the grippers are independent, the synchronization system can be replaced by a precision slide system without affecting gripper force. Gripper size range from 5lb gripping force and 0.2 in. stroke to 4001b gripping force and 6in stroke.
Production is characterized by batch-sizes becoming smaller and smaller and greater variety of products. Assembly, being the last production step, is particularly vulnerable to changes in schedules, batch-sizes, and product design. This situation is forcing many companies to put more effort into extensive rationalization and automation of assembly that was previously the case. Although the development of flexible fixtures fell quickly behind the development of flexible handling systems such as industrial robots, there are, nonetheless, promising attempts to increase the flexibility of fixtures. The fact that fixtures a~e the essential product-specific investment of a production system intensifies the economic necessity to make the fixture system more flexible.
Fixtures can be divided according to their flexibility into special fixtures, group fixtures modular fixtures and highly flexible fixtures. Flexible fixtures are characterized by their high
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外攵翻译---_多功能组合机床时代.doc
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机械制造工程学外文翻译、中英文翻译、外文文獻翻译.doc10页
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Manufacturing Engineering
Multitasking Machining
Done-in-one setup makes parts better
Hardened gear wheels
are rough and finish-turned and finish-ground drilled threaded and broached on an EMAG VSC 250 DS machine
Multifunction machine tools have been around long enough in various configurations for manufacturers to appreciate their potential for cost-saving quality production of parts from miniature connectors to transmission housings for off-highway equipment Development of true multitasking machineshowever has removed them from the category of special machines
Manufacturers have made them one of the fastest growing categories of CNC machine tools because they improve competitiveness They offer the flexibility to meet just-in-time delivery of a variety of parts in smaller lot sizes They consolidate the processes of many machines improve accuracy and save time formerly required for multiple setups as work was moved from machine to machine and operation to operation Finally they employ resources of people and capital equipment more efficiently a definite plus that the most astute accountants can appreciate
The most familiar multitasking machines are NC lathes with live tools in the turret mill-turns and Swiss turning centers NC lathes with a Y axis that allows turrets to move from side to side have full milling or drilling capability They can mill drill and machine off the spindle centerline A B axis allows rotation around the Y axis for drilling at an angle or contour milling
sand dollars to over a million dollars That hardly qualifies them as commodity machines yet increasingly these multitasking machines form the backbone of advanced machining operations for everyone from contract manufacturers to OEMs
Trends in the design of multitasking machines include packing more punch into a limited and crowded work area with extra slides more horsepower even matching sub spindle horsepower to that of the main spindle put
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