麻烦把以下几个专业计算机术语翻译译一下 关于银行业务的

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研投资银行专业术语、考研参考书、考研真题_百度文库
两大类热门资源免费畅读
续费一年阅读会员,立省24元!
2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研投资银行专业术语、考研参考书、考研真题
||文档简介
总评分0.0|
&&育​明​教​育​―​中​国​考​研​专​业​课​第​一​品​牌​,​翻​译​硕​士​考​研​,​首​选​育​明​,​翻​硕​录​取​率​趋​近0%
阅读已结束,如果下载本文需要使用
想免费下载本文?
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
还剩14页未读,继续阅读
你可能喜欢应用文体翻译
第二十二讲&&&
应用文体翻译
一、教学目的:了解应用文体特点和翻译方法
二、教学要点:介绍广告、法律文件、商业函件等的翻译
三、教学过程:
应用语篇包括商业函件、法律文献、广告、通知等类型的语篇。它们的翻译涉及相关行业的专业知识,特别是商业函件和法律文献,不了解起码的经贸和法律知识,根本无法动笔。现在只是想让大家在学习了前面几章已对翻译已有了一些认识的情况下,粗略体验一下。
Unit One&& Advertisements
I. The Individual
[1] One of the
greatest pleasures in life is simply to be treated as an
individual. To speak and be heard. To ask and be helped.
[2] That's why we
created Sheraton Towers . To offer you what you want, when
you want it.
[3] Like much of
life, it's just that simple and just that difficult. But we
like the challenge. Because meeting it makes life that much
more satisfying for all of us.
生活中的最大快乐莫过于受到尊重。说话有人听
, 需求有人照料。
我们创建喜来登大饭店的目的正是如此
---- 在您需要的时候
, 为您提供服务。
正如我们生活中的许多事情一样
, 这既简单
, 又很困难。但我们愿意去迎接这一挑战
, 它能使我们都享受到生活的满足。
[1] In the heart of
Manila , there is Ermita.
[2] One district in
Manila pulsates with the life of the city. Ermita.
[3] Where rare
antiques speak of Manila 's glorious past. Where great
bargains tempt from every corner. Where spectacular sunsets
and walks in the park soothe the senses, and where bright
lights and endless nights enliven them.
[4] And in the heart
of Ermita, there is the Manila Pavilion Hotel.
[5] One hotel opens
its doors right into the attractions of Ermita.
[6] The Manila
[7] Ready to welcome
you with de luxe accommodation, delectable cuisine and
complete business and convention facilities.
[8] Keep in touch
with the beat of Ermita at the Manila Pavilion Hotel.
--- 位于马尼拉市中心。
这里的生活
, 随着整个马尼拉的节拍律动。
罕见的古迹讲述着马尼拉辉煌的历史
, 商品物美价廉
, 服务周到实惠
, 壮丽的落日
, 公园的幽径
, 让您心旷神怡
, 火树银花
, 彻夜欢愉
, 给您无穷的享受。
而在俄米塔中心耸立着马尼拉亭榭大饭店。
饭店中可一览俄尼塔美景。
马尼拉亭榭大饭店。
豪华的设备
, 可口的饭菜
, 完美的业务及会议设施
----- 这一切都在恭候您的光临。
住亭榭大饭店
, 感受俄米塔的生活节奏。
III. &&&&&&&&&&&&&A
Rolex does more than just tell you the time
[1]Even as you read
these words someone, somewhere on this planet will be
venturing into the unknown.
[2]They might be at
sea---a tiny speck in the ocean aboard a frail craft inching
its way across the Pacific.
[3]Or deep below the
surface of the water, probing Earth's inner space.
[4]Or weathering a
dust storm in the pitiless heat of an unmapped desert.
[5]Or braving
temperatures 60 degrees below freezing as they urge their
dog-sled across the Polar ice-cap.
[6]Only a fool would
enter the inhospitable environments that these people seek
out without weeks, months , or even years of preparation.
[7]The equipment
they will have chosen to accompany their adventure will have
been selected
their reliance on this
equipment will be total.
[8]Yet the chances
are that one of their most vital pieces of equipment will be
on their wrist.
[9]A Rolex Oyster.
[10]somewhere in the
world---in dense jungle, or basking desert, or Polar
wasteland---an explorer could even now be navigating by dead
reckoning .For this task, an absolutely reliable time-piece
is essential.
[11]Ever since its
introduction in 1926, the Rolex Oyster has been the choice
of explorers and adventurers. The virtual indestructibility
of the Oyster case and the utter reliability of the movement
it contains have ensured that countless Oysters have
accompanied their wearers into the history books.
[12]Yet the Rolex
Oysters that have voyaged to the ends of the earth and
depths of the ocean are in every respect the same watches
that you will find in any official Rolex jewller.
[13]Every single
Rolex Oyster that leaves Geneva is capable of accompanying
its owner wherever he or she cares to venture.
[14]Where in the
world will you be taking yours?
劳莱士不仅仅告诉你时间
就在你阅读这段文字的时候
这个星球上的什么地方可能正有人进行着某种探险活动。
他们可能正在海上航行--脆弱的小船宛如太平洋中的一个小点
, 徐徐向前移动。
他们可能已潜入水下
, 在探索地球的内部空间。
他们也可能正跋涉在一片无名沙漠中
, 尘暴漫天
, 酷热无情。
他们还可能正冒着极地零下
60 度的严寒
, 乘着狗拉的雪橇
, 疾速前进。
走进如此恶劣的环境
, 只要不是傻瓜
, 都会花上数周、数月
, 甚至数年的时间去进行各种准备工作。
, 务必精心挑选
. 因为装备就意味着一切
而最最重要的装备恐怕就是他们手腕上的
劳莱士手表。
在这个世界的某个地方
-- 在热带丛林中
, 在酷热难挨的沙漠里
, 抑或在极地的荒原上
, 一位探险家可能正借助仪器测定方位。这时
, 绝对可靠的计时器可是生命攸关的啊
自从劳莱士
1926 年问世以来
, 一直颇受探险家和勘探人员的青睐。它坚固耐用
, 计时准确
, 曾帮多少人走上了成功之路。
而这些曾走遍天涯海角
, 曾上天入地的劳莱士
正是您在任何劳莱士表行中所常常见到的那一种。
日内瓦出品的任何一块劳莱士
, 都将成为主人的忠实伴侣。
您将戴着您的劳莱士在何方创建辉煌呢
广告语篇的文体特点与翻译策略
广告语篇的最重要功能是祈使功能
(the vocative function) ,
即说服读者去购买广告中的商品或服务。译文语篇的成功与否也就在于其是否能在译文读者中起到同样的作用。因此译文不必斤斤计较和原文的文字对应
, 而是可以根据译文的社会和文化环境
, 及译文行文的需要进行必要的变通和调整
, 以达到和原文的功能对等。例如
[1] 段中信息顺序的颠倒。第
III 则中第
[9] 两段的译文将
[8] 进行了简化
, 并用破折号与
;[10] 段最后一句译为感叹句
[14] 段译文表达方式的转换
( 试分别参较下面直译译文
:&... 都能陪伴它的主人
, 不管他或她要到哪里去冒险
& 您将在这个世界的什么地方戴着您的表呢
?&), 等等。
&&& &广告的翻译还必须考虑社会、文化因素。
Coca Cola 之译为
& 可口可乐
& 可谓音义俱佳
, 中国消费者喜闻乐道
, 而法国一家低压电器公司
Merlin Gerin 译为
& 梅兰日兰有限公司
& 却易使中国读者联想到和女性有关的产品
, 不少人乍一听还以为这是一家化妆产品公司呢
& 均是中国女性常用的名字。
Sheriton 之译为
& 喜来登大饭店
&,Manila Pavilion Hotel
& 马尼拉亭榭大饭店
& 就较易为中国读者接受,容易传开叫响。
&&&&& 英语广告文字
, 虽然有的也具有一定的文学色彩
, 但一般说来都选词平易
, 句子结构简单
, 十分通俗易读
( 这一特点在上面的第
I 则广告中体现尤为明显
) 。译文的建构亦应遵循同样的文体风格
, 句式明快流畅
, 用词简洁达意。如第
[7] 段的译文。第
[11] 段第二句的译文
为了达到引人注目
, 吸引顾客的目的
, 广告常常使用平行结构。如第
II 则广告中的第
III 则广告中的
[5] 段。翻译时应尽量采用同样的句式
, 使译文能朗朗上口。
&&&&& 在追求简洁风格及运用平行结构的时候
, 四字词语
( 包括成语
) 的恰当运用往往能收到良好效果
, 大家可参照上面提到的段落研读。
&&&&& 英语广告中常常使用问句及祈使句
目的当然是要激发读者的购买欲望。译文也要达到相同的效果。如第 III
[14] 段,第
&&&& &英语广告中还常常运用省略句
, 有时干脆只用个名词短语
I 则中的第
[1] 段的第二句
[2] 段的第二句。第
[6] 段,第
III 则中第
[9] 段。另外
, 广告中还常常重复使用某一个词语
, 以加强宣传效果。如第
Manila Pavilion Hotel,
就重复出现了几次。翻译时也要进行重复 ,
以达到相同效果。请再阅读下面一则广告及其译文
&plus/ 优势
& 一词反复出现。
&&&&There are so many pluses when you fly Thai .Our modern
fleet of aircraft, spearheaded by the magnificent 747-400,
is a plus.
&&&&Our route network spanning over 70 cities in 36
countries is a plus.
&&&&The charming nature of our cabin crew, born of a
2000-year-old culture ,is a plus.
&&&&乘泰国航空公的飞机有许多优势。|
&&&&我们以波音
747-400 为标志的现代化机群是一个优势。
&&&&我们的航线遍及
,70 个城市
, 这也是一个优势。
&&&&我们具有
年文化传统,机上服务人员温文尔雅,这又是一个优势。
Passage 1:
1. Flowers by
Interflora speaks from the heart.
(Interflora花店)
2. A deal with us means a good deal to you.
(某贸易公司)
3. Spoil yourself and not your figure.
(Weight-Watcher牌冰淇淋)
4. A Mars a day keeps you work, rest and play.
(Mars牌巧克力)
5. The driver is safer
The road is
safer when the driver is dry.
(交通宣传广告语)
6. Hi-fi, Hi-fun, Hi-fashion, only for Sony.
(索尼音响)
7. FedEx: We live to deliver.
(联邦快递)
8. Empowered by Innovation.
(NEC公司)
9. We take no pride in prejudice.
(《泰晤士报》广告语)
10. Wherever you are. Whatever you do. The Allianz Group is
always on your side.
(安联集团)
Interflora是一家花店的名字。广告语中使用了拟人的手法,突出鲜花代表的甜蜜和温馨。这种感情必须在译文中体现出来。
good deal有双重意思,即“一笔好买卖”和“许多”。翻译时要想办法把这两层意思都体现出来。
这条广告除了简短和口语化之外,还突出了spoil这个词的语义双关的特点:You
can spoil yourself by eating a lot of our ice cream, but you
don’t have to worry about spoiling your body figure.
怎样译才能把spoil的两层意思译出来呢?
很显然,这条广告的特点是day和play之间的押韵,它是模仿An
apple a day keeps the doctor away写的,这种手法叫做仿拟。
这两个句子除了整齐对称之外,还有一个特点就是突出了road,
driver, safer, dry这四个词,而且dry这个词是语义双关。前半句的dry是指没水,后半句的dry是指不饮酒。翻译时应考虑这些因素。
Hi-fi是high
fidelity的缩写形式。这条广告的特点是:Hi重复了三次,并且fi,
fun, fashion三个词的首字母都是f。但在翻译时,这第二个特点恐怕是很难表现出来的,只有将它舍弃。
动词deliver有两层意思:一是字面上的递送之意,二是暗含的承诺(commitment)之意;live
to是身体力行的意思。
有人把它翻译成“创新科技,随你而动”,你觉得准确吗?广告翻译时也必须要准确地理解原文的意思,不能随心所欲。Empowered
by Innovation是用创新推动技术进步和企业前进的意思。怎么译更合适呢?
看到这条广告我们自然会想到名著《傲慢与偏见》,实际上它也正是使用了仿拟的手法。那么对于一个报社来说pride和prejudice会指什么呢?
这里我们是否需要把每个字都译出来呢?适当的省略可以吗?
Passage 2:
Ugly Is Only Skin-deep
&&& It may not be
much to look at. But beneath that humble exterior beats an
air-cooled engine. It won't boil over and ruin your piston
rings. It won't freeze over and ruin your life. It's in the
back of the car for better traction in snow and sand. And it
will give you about 29 miles to a gallon of gas.
&&&& After a while you get to like so much about the VW, you
even get to like what it looks like.
&&&& You find that there's enough legroom for almost
anybody's legs. Enough headroom for almost anybody's head.
With a hat on it. Sungfitting bucket seats. Doors that close
so well you can hardly close them. They're so airtight, it's
better to open the window a crack first.
Those plain, unglamorous wheels are each suspended
independently. So when a bump makes one wheel bounce, the
bounce doesn't make the other wheel bump. It's things like
that you pay the $1 585 for, when you buy a VW. The ugliness
doesn't add a thing to the cost of the car.
&&&& That's the beauty of it.
&&&& &这是大众汽车(Volkswagen)的一则广告。首先,它的标题套用了&Beauty
is on1y skin-deep.&这句谚语,运用反语(paradox)将&beauty&一词改为ugly,意在引起读者的好奇和激发读者进一步阅读正文的兴趣。&Beauty
is only skin-deep.&原指漂亮的外表是富于欺骗性的,在漂亮外表之下可能有与其不相称的不好的品质。而&Ugly
is only skin-deep.&不就成了&丑陋的外表之下有十分可贵的品质&吗?这则标题之妙,令人叫绝。
&&&& &其实广告并不是说大众汽车&外表丑陋&,其真意在于突出汽车的&内在美&。进一步阅读该广告正文,我们可以了解大众汽车之所以外表&奇特&,是因为它具有许多其他汽车所不具有的功能和优点,而正是这些特殊功能和优点,要求大众的造型与众不同。一旦你真正了解了大众,你也就不会在乎其&丑陋&的外表甚至还会喜欢它现在这个样子,因为它会给你带来那么多的&实惠&。
&&&& &此外,在翻译时也应注意一些术语的翻译。注意把握原文的语气。
参考译文:
1.“茵特”花卉CCCC说不完的悄悄话
2.同我们做买卖,都是回报丰厚的好买卖。
3.放心地吃吧,别担心体重。
4.一天一块马斯巧克力,让你好好工作和休息。
5.道路不沾水,司机更安全;司机不沾酒,道路更安全。
6.索尼音响CCCC高保真、高享受、高时尚。
7.联邦快递,诚信为本
8.NEC:锐意进取,开拓创新
9.对于有失偏颇的报道,我们并不引以为自豪。
10.安联集团,永远站在你身边。
参考译文:
&&&& &“大众”或许不中看,但在简陋的外表下跳动的却是一台心脏部件――气冷式发动机。它不会因沸溢而毁坏活塞环,也不会因结冰而误了您的事。它位于车的后部,以增大雪地沙土上行驶的牵引力。约莫29英里,仅耗汽油1加仑。
&&&&& 稍待你喜爱上“大众”,你甚至对其丑貌也会情有独钟。
你会发现其足够的伸腿空间,再长的腿也得以舒展;绰绰有余的头部空间,再高的个子戴上帽子也可昂首挺胸;凹背单人座椅,舒适贴身;关闭得再好不过的车门是如此密不透风,你最好先把车窗留条缝。
其朴实无华、不显魅力的车轮各自独立悬挂,当颠簸使一轮跳起时,弹跳不会涉及其他车轮。只要支付1585美元,那样的尤物就归您了。其丑陋的外表丝毫不增添你购车的费用。
&&&&这就是“大众”之美!
Unit Two& Legal
Part 1:&&&&
Chapter 19 Force
Article 75
Should one of the parties to the contract
be prevented from executing contract by force majeure, such
as earthquake, typhoon, flood, fire, and war and other
unforeseen events, and their happening and consequences are
unpreventable and unavoidable, the prevented party shall
notify the other party by cable or fax without any delay,
and within fifteen days thereafter provide the detailed
information of the events and a valid document for evidence
issued by the relevant public notary organization for
explaining the reason of its inability to execute or delay
the execution of all or part of the contract. Both parties
shall ,through consultations , decide whether to terminate
the contract or to exempt the part of the obligations for
implementation of the contract or whether to delay the
execution of the contract according to the effects of the
events on the performance of the contract.
Chapter 20 Relevant
Article 76
&& The formation of this contract, its validity,
interpretation, execution and settlement of the disputes
shall be governed by the relevant laws of the People's
Republic of China.
Chapter 21
Settlement of Disputes
Article 77
&&& Any disputes arising from execution of , or in
connection with the contract shall be settled through
friendly consultations between both parties. In case no
settlement can be reached through consultations , the
disputes shall be submitted to the Foreign Economic and
Trade Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the
Promotion of International Trade for arbitration in
accordance with its Provisional Rules of Procedure. The
arbitral award is final and binding upon all the parties.
Article 78
During the arbitration, the contract shall be executed
continuously by both parties except for matters in disputes.
第七十五条
由于如地震、台风、水灾、火灾、战争以及其他不能预见并且对其发生和后果不能防止或避免的不可抗力事件,影响任何一方履行合同时,遇有上述不可抗力的一方,应立即用电报、传真通知对方,并应在十五天内提供不可抗拒力详情及合同不能履行或者部分不能履行,或者需要延期履行的理由的有效证明文件,此项证明文件应由不可抗拒力发生地区的公证机构出具。按其对履行合同影响的程度,由双方协商决定是否解除合同,或者部分免除履行合同的责任,或者延期履行合同。
第六十七条
本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行和争议的解决均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。
第二十一章
争议的解决
第七十七条
凡因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议,双方应通过友好协商解决;如果协商不能解决应提交中国国际贸易促进委员会、中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会,根据该会的仲裁程序暂行规则进行仲裁。
仲裁裁决是终局的,对双方都有约束力。
第七十八条
在仲裁过程中,除双方有争议而正在进行仲裁的部分外,本合同应继续履行
This AGREEMENT entered into as of March
28,1992,between ABC company, a Chinese company (the
&Borrower&) and CREDIT BANK,N.A., a national banking
association of the United States of America(the &Bank&)
WITNESSETH:
WHEREAS, the borrower has requested the
Bank to extend to the Borrower a term loan in the principal
amount of One Million United States Dollars
(U.S.$1,000,000)upon the terms and subject to the Conditions
of this A and
WHEREAS, the Bank is prepared to make such a loan available
to the Borrower upon the terms and subject to the conditions
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises
contained herein , the parties agree as follows:
Article 2 The Loan
Section 2.1. The
commitment. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions
herein set forth, and relying upon the representations and
warranties of the borrower, the Bank agrees, acting through
its Lending office, on the date hereof to lend to the
borrower, and the Borrower agrees to borrow, the principal
amount of One Million United States Dollars ($1,000,000).
Section 2.2. Disbursement. On the date hereof , upon
fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Article VI, the
Bank shall make the amount of the Loan available to the
Borrower by remitting the amount of the Loan to an account
in New York designated by the Borrower. If the Borrower
fails to satisfy the conditions precedent set forth in
Article VI ,the bank shall not be obligated to make the
本协议由ABC公司(简称为&借款人&或&借贷方&)中国公司,与信贷银行(简称为&银行&),美国国家银行机构,于是1992年3月28日订立。
鉴于借款人已向银行要求基于本协议规定的条件和款项,向借款人提供一笔本金为壹佰万美元(US$1,000,000)的定期贷款;
鉴于银行已准备基于本协议规定的条件和款项,向借款人提供此项定期贷款;
据此,以双方承诺为对价,就下述内容达成一致:
根据本协定规定之条件和款项并基于借款人作出的陈述与保证
, 银行同意通过其贷款机构借出
, 且借款人也同意借入本金为壹百万美元
($1,000,000)
自协议生效之日起
, 依协议第六条规定
银行应向借款人在纽约指定的账号汇入协议约定的数额款项 .
如借款人未能完成第六条中规定的贷款先决条件
, 则银行无义务提供此项贷款。
法律语篇的文体特点及翻译策略
法律语篇的功能是准确无误地表达具有规定性和约束性的信息
以规范和指导从国家政治生活、企业间业务行为到私人间社会交往的各种人类政治、经济活动。正因为它的这种社会功能
, 法律语篇的翻译必须一丝不苟、十分慎重。
英语法律语篇在版面形式上有两个十分突出的特点。一是运用大写字形突出重要词语
; 二是版面排列借助分行的方式
, 达到层次清晰、一目了然的视觉效果
. 在较长的文献中则采用编号的方法达到条理清晰
便于指称的目的。汉译时也要采取同样的分行和编号的方式 ,
并严格遵循汉语相应法律文献的体例
, 以达到同样的效果。
英语法律语篇在用词上自然会涉及不少法律及有关专业的词汇
这就要求译者必须有一定的相关知识。以上述两篇法律文件节选为例
,Force Majeure
便是源于法语的一个术语 ,arbitral award
award 乃取一般文章中不常见的
,principal amount 为
disbursement
在英语中是一个十分正式的用语 ,
汉译时则使用了相应的专业术语
法律文献中还常常出现一些其他语体中十分罕见或已废弃不用的古体词语。如
: hereof, herein, witness
的第三人称单数形式
witnesseth 等等。
法律语篇的句子修饰语较多 ,
结构常常比较繁复、冗长
Chapter 19 Force Majeure
段中的第一句话的主要结构为
:Should one of the parties be prevented from .....the
prevented party shall notify the other party .....
但句中叠加了许多从属成分致使句子达近百字之长。文选
II 中的第一段实际上只是一句话
:The agreement...witnesseth whereas....and whereas....now
therefore...the parties agree as follows:...
但由于从属成分层层扩展
使句子延亘达一百余字。翻译这样的句子先要理清脉络 ,
尔后用层次明晰的汉语加以重新表达。译文常常使用书面词语及句式
以表达庄重、严谨的陈述风格。请再观察下面一例 ,
注意英语长句的语法逻辑层次及汉语表达的句式特点
In consideration
以下至末尾竟连一个标点符号也没有 ,
全靠从属成分的形式连接支撑全句结构。汉译则运用分号将句子层次标明 ,
同样达到了明晰、畅达的效果。
This LEASE made the
fourth day of December one thousand nine hundred and seventy
BETWEEN RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES LIMITED of Clarendon Square
in the County of London(hereinafter called 'the Lessors') of
the one part and Stephen Jackson of 25 Potter Street London
N16(hereinafter called 'the Tenant') of the other part
WITNESSETH as
follows:-----
In consideration of
the rents hereinafter reserved and of the covenants and
agreements on the part of the Tenant and conditions
hereinafter contained the Lessors hereby demise unto the
Tenant ALL THAT flat or suite of rooms known as Number Six
in the mansion or building (hereinafter called the said
mansion )known as The Towers Carlton Road N 16 in the County
of London (all which flat is hereinafter called 'the demised
premises') Together with right for the Tenant and the
servants friends and visitors of the Tenant in common with
the Lessors and the Lessors' other tenants of the said
mansion and their servants friends and visitors to use the
entrances courtyards passages staircases and lifts of any of
the said mansion for the lawful purposes of ingress and
egress to and from the demised premises.
本契约订于公元一千九百七十年十二月四日
, 以伦敦郡克拉蓝顿广场之房产有限公司为一方
( 以下简称出租人
), 以现寓于伦敦北
16 区伯特街道
25 号之斯蒂芬
. 杰克逊为另一方
( 以下简称承租人
本契约规定如下
鉴于下文保留之租金、承租人之保证承诺以及规定之条件
( 其详情备载于下
), 出租人乃将房宅
( 下文称为涉约房屋
) 内六号之整套公寓或全套房间让渡于承租人
; 该涉约房屋称为伦敦郡北
16 区卡尔顿路楼宇
, 其中之套房下文称为让渡房屋
此项让渡乃包括承租人及其佣仆、朋友、访客和出租人以及该涉约房屋内出租人之其他租户以及其佣仆、朋友、访客共同有权使用涉约房屋内任何入口院落过道楼梯及电梯
, 为法律允许之目的出入往来于让渡房屋之内。
Assignment1
Neither Party may assign this Agreement, in whole or in
part, without the other Party's prior written consent,
except to (i) any corporation resulting from any merger,
consolidation or other reorganization involving the
assigning Party2and (ii) any entity to which the assigning
Party may transfer all or substantially all of its assets
provided that the assignee agrees in writing to be bound by
all the terms and conditions of this Agreement and provides
documentation as evidence 3that the assignee has the ability
and capability of meeting all of the obligations under this
Agreement.
这段文字是合同中转让条款中的一段内容。
whole or in part&在语法上是修饰assign的状语,其实其意思相当于the
whole or part (of this Agreement)。&resulting&和&involving&均为作定语用的现在分词,相当于&which
results…&和&which
involves…&两个定语从句,分别修饰各自前面的corporation和merger,
consolidation or other reorganization。
&provided that&的原意是on
the condition or understanding that(以……为条件;在……情况下),用作状语从句,对主句进行修饰。然而从合同上看,合同中出现的以provided
that引起的句子,往往不是状语从句,而是一个并立的分句,这从它前面的标点符号分号&;&可以得到印证。在这种情况下不妨将provided
that译成&但是&开头的转折句,使之更符合汉语的表达方式。
A Software Agreement
1. Grant License
Hope Inc. grants to you the right to use the enclosed
software program (the “SOFTWARE”) 2 on any single computer,
provided the SOFTWARE is in use on only one computer at any
time. If you have multiple licenses for the SOFTWARE, then
at any time you may have as many copies of the SOFTWARE in
use as you have licenses. 3 The SOFTWARE is “in use” on a
computer when it is loaded into temporary memory 4 (i.e.
RAM) or installed into the permanent memory (e.g. hard disk
or other storage device) of that computer.
2. Copyright The
SOFTWARE is owned by Hope Inc. and is protected by United
States copyright laws and international treaty provisions.
Therefore, you must treat the SOFTWARE like any other
copyright material except that you may either: (a) make one
copy of the SOFTWARE solely for backup or archival purposes,
or (b) transfer 5 the SOFTWARE to a single hard disk,
provided you keep the original solely for backup purposes.
You may not copy the written material accompanying the
Restrictions You may not rent or lease 6 the SOFTWARE, but
you may transfer the SOFTWARE and accompanying written
materials on a permanent basis provided that You retain no
copies and the recipient agrees to the terms of this
Agreement. You may not reverse engineer, decompile or
disassemble 7 the SOFTWARE.
4. Dual Media
Software If the software package contains both 3.15& and 5.
25' disks, then you may use only the disks appropriate for
your single designated computer. You may not use the other
disks on a computer or loan, rent, or transfer them to
another user except as a part of a permanent transfer (as
provided above) of all SOFTWARE and documentation.
&&& Limited Software
Warranty If you discover physical defects in the media on
which the software is distributed or in documentation, Hope
Inc. will replace the media or documentation for a period of
thirty ( 30 ) days after purchase by the customer. You must
return the disk or documentation to Hope Inc. within the
warranty period, accompanied by proof of purchase.
&&&& This warranty does not apply to defects due directly or
indirectly to misuse, abuse, negligence, accident, repairs,
alterations made by the customer or another party, or if
serial number has been removed or defected.
Hope Inc. disclaims
all implied warranties, including without limitation
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose.8 Hope Inc. will not be liable for any bug, error9,
omission, defect, or deficiency. As a result, the SOFTWARE
is sold “as is”10 and the purchaser assumes the entire risk
as to its quality and performance.
(A modified version of a standard computer agreement)
本篇是电脑软件公司和客户之间的一个合约,属于法律语篇,但涉及电脑知识。要求译者有必要熟悉一些基本的法律知识和电脑知识,特别是这两个领域的一些专业术语。但电脑合约大同小异,所以只要花些功夫,译好一个合约,常常可以&一劳永逸&,日后译其他合约时,略做改动就可以了。
此处应译为&以下简称本软件&。另外,合同和合约中,放在括号里首字母大写的词,是为了后文叙述简便、指称明确而对其前面的对象所作的定义,只不过是省略了&hereinafter
referred to as&(以下简称)而已。
这句话译成&若您拥有多份本软件使用许可,那么您每次使用时,您有多少份软件的许可就可以在多少台电脑上使用本软件。&如何?是不是有些别扭呢?怎么才能更通顺一些呢?
这一句的理解容易出错。这里作者是在给&in
use&下定义。
这个transfer和第三条第一句中的transfer意思相同吗?能都译成&转移&吗?
这两个词有区别吗?应当说它们还是有差别的。rent总的来说期限较短,而且限制也少些,lease则期限较长,且有较多的限制。在译的时候该如何选词呢?能否译成&各种类型的出租&?
这几个是电脑词汇中技术性很强的术语,需要查字典或上网找出与其相应的中文词汇。
这句中有一些法律术语,要弄清它们的意思再翻。implied
warranty是&默示担保&(保证可分为明示担保和默示担保,明示担保是指在产品上书写有关产品的用途和购买原因,包括说明书、产品介绍书等,也可是口头的,只要销售商人导致一个合理的购买者相信保证的产生,而不论商人主观意图如何,便构成明示担保。默示担保就是不需用书面文字表达的保证。买卖双方在以往交易中或引用行业惯例也可以产生默示担保,默示担保可以分为两种:保证产品是适宜销售的和保证产品合适于某一用途
。)merchantability是&适销性默示担保&,fitness
for a particular purpose是&适合某特定用途默示担保&。
要注意这两词的区别。在一些词典中这两个词都可译成&错误&,但在技术上所指并非完全相同。bug主要指在软件中导致程序不正常工作的编码上的或逻辑上的错误,而error则常指数据在传输或存储中数码变错的现象等。
10. &As is& is often used by the seller to shift the
responsibility for possible damaged condition of the goods.
When &as is& is used, the buyer takes the entire risk and
both implied and express warranties are excluded in sales of
goods &as is&.
参考译文:
&&&&任何一方未经另一方事先书面同意,不得转让本协议的全部或部分,除非转让给(i)涉及转让方的因兼并、合并或其他重组而产生的任何公司,(ii)转让方可以向其转让全部或绝大部分资产的实体;但受让方须书面同意受本协议所有条款和条件约束,并提供文件证明受让方有资格、有能力履行本协议项下的全部义务。
参考译文:
&&&&一、授予许可
希望公司准许你在任何一台电脑上使用本包装内所附的软件程式(以下简称“本软件”),但每次只能在一台电脑上使用。假如你拥有多重使用许可,则可同时使用多份本软件,唯每次使用的份数不得超过你拥有的许可份数。一旦将本软件装载到电脑的暂时记忆体(即随机存取记忆体)或将本软件安装到永久记忆体(如硬碟或其他储存装置)中,本软件即应被界定为在“使用中”。
&&&&二、著作权
本软件的版权为希望公司所有,受美国版权法和国际条约保护,因此,你必须将本软件和其他有版权的产品一视同仁,不过你可以:(a)复制一份本软件供备份或存档之用;或(b)把本软件转移到一硬碟上,但原版只能作备份之用。你不得拷贝所附的使用说明书。
&&&&三、其他限制
你不能出租或租赁本软件,但可永久转让本软件和随附的使用说明书,只是你不得保留任何拷贝,同时接受转让一方也必须接受本合约上的条款。你不能对本软件进行还原工程、解编或反向组译。
&&&&四、双媒介物软件
假如软件包装盒内含有3.5”和5.25”两种规格的软碟,你只能使用适合你电脑的那套软碟。你不能在其他电脑上使用另一套软碟,也不能出借或出租该套碟给其他使用者或将其转让给他人,永久转让(如上述)整套本软件和使用说明书则除外。
&&&&软件的有限担保
你若发现装载本软件的磁碟或使用说明书有损坏,希望公司可在客户购买本软件后30天内更换该磁碟或使用说明书。但你必须在担保期内把软碟或使用说明书退还给希望公司,并附上购货凭证。
&&&&本担保不适用下列情况:客户或其他人直接或间接因误用、滥用、疏忽、意外、修理或改装而造成缺坏,或产品序号被除去或有缺损。
&&&&希望公司不承担所有默示担保的责任,其中包括但不限于适销性担保和适合某特定用途的担保。希望公司也不对下列各项负责:任何软件内的隐藏错误、差错、遗漏、缺陷、或功能不足。因此,本软件是按“现状”出售,购货人必须承担产品的全部品质和性能的风险。
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& (沈园译)
Unit Three& Business
Correspondence
Dear Sirs,
[1] Our client in New York requests us to obtain from you a
proforma invoice for color TV sets with the following
specifications: “Sharp” brand color TV sets 29-inch and
34-inch (each 300 sets).
[2] Would you please airmail us the soonest possible your
proforma invoice for 600 color TV sets with prices CIF New
York, so that we can obtain our client’s confirmation. There
is no question about our getting necessary import licence
from our authorities. As soon as the said licence is
approved, we shall establish an L /C in your favor.
[3] Thank you for your close cooperation in this respect.
Yours truly,
我们的一个纽约客户要求我们从贵方取得下列规格的彩色电视机形式发票:“夏普”牌彩色电视机29英寸和34英寸各300台。
[2] 请尽速航邮注有纽约到岸价格的600台彩色电视机的形式发票,以便我们取得客户确认。从当局取得必要的进口许可证当无问题。一俟获得许可证即开立以贵方为受益人的信用证。
[3] 感谢贵方的密切合作。
Dear Sirs,
[1] Thank you for your letter of May 20, offering us the
acrylic sweaters at $30 per dozen CIF London.
[2] In reply, we very much regret to state that we find your
price rather high and out of line with the prevailing market
[3] Information indicates that some parcels of Chinese may
have been sold at the level of $26 per dozen. So if you
should reduce your price by, say, 5%, we might come to
[4] Considering our long-standing business relationship, we
make you such a counter-offer. As the market is declining,
we sincerely hope you will consider our counter-offer and
cable us at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
[1] 感谢贵方5月20日函报我方人造纤维毛衫的伦敦到岸价为每打30美元。
兹复,我们非常抱歉地奉告,贵方价格偏高,与现行市价水平不一致。
[3] 有消息说一些中国货物以每打26美元出售。故请贵方能够考虑降低价格,比如说5%,这样我们或许能够成交。
考虑到我们之间长期的贸易关系,我方作了一点还价。由于市场日趋滑坡,我们非常真诚地希望贵方能考虑我们的还盘,并请将结果尽快电告我们。
Dear Sirs,
As advised in telegraph of May 16, we have shipped your
order for 100 metric tons of Walnut Meat under Contract
No.334, covered by L/C No.8855 per s.s. “Robert” and are
sending you herewith copies of the following documents:
Commercial Invoice No. 2956 in duplicate
Non-negotiable Bill of Lading No.TD8560
Insurance Policy No. BG 8694
Inspection Certificate No. IC781
Weight List No.254
which we trust are in order.
We hope this shipment will reach you safely and turn out to
your satisfaction.
Yours truly,
五月十六日本公司已电告贵公司,第8855号信用证项下,有关第
334号合同的100公吨核桃仁订货已装“罗伯特”号轮。现寄送贵公司下列各项单据,请查收s
发票一式二份
不可转让提单一份
保险单一份
检验证书一份
重量单一份
本公司希望这批货物能安全抵达并使贵公司满意。敬上
Dear Sirs,
In our previous letter, we asked you about the shipment of
the goods we ordered but regret that we have, so far, heard
no news from you. We can't help feeling surprised at your
As we have pointed out in our first inquiry, we are in
urgent need of these goods. You will well remember it was
your promise of shipping the goods before the end of April
that brought us to book this order with you. Now we have
already extended the L/C and you will note that the L/C
expires on May 31.
We hope that you will give this matter your immediate
attention and that we'll have your shipping advice without
further delay.
In case you should fail to effect delivery in May, we will
have to lodge a claim against you for the loss and reserve
the right to cancel the contract.
Yours truly,
本公司在前函里曾向贵公司询问本公司订购货物的装运情况。但很遗憾,本公司迄今未收到贵公司任何消息。对贵公司的沉默,本公司甚感惊讶。
本公司在初次询价时就曾指出,本公司急需此货。贵公司明确答应四月底之前装运,据此本公司方向贵公司订购这批货物。现在本公司已将信用证延期,请贵公司注意该信用证于五月三十一日到期。
本公司希望贵公司对此事立即予以重视,并希望早日收到贵公司装运通知,勿再延误。
若贵公司在五月份尚不能交货,本公司只能向贵公司索赔,并保留取消合同的权利。
商业信函的文体特点及翻译策略
商务信函是商务运作过程中使用的各种函件的总称。在国际商务活动中商务信函是商家、厂家和客户之间联系业务、沟通商情和咨询答复的主要途径和工具。商务信函是一种公文性质的信函,因此它注重表达的准确性、规范性和朴素性,并且主题突出、中心明确。
英文商务信函具有如下的文体特点。首先,在遣词方面,英文商务信函中使用大量的专业术语和正式词汇,同时又力求用词简洁朴素、准确具体。在造句方面,英文商务信函用句严谨完整、委婉礼貌,套语和礼貌用语使用频繁,注重语句语气的恰当性并充分考虑对方的感受。
此外,由于商务信函多数是关于咨询和磋商的,因此书写时用到的情态、语气较为丰富,主要涉及建议、催促、询问、拒绝、质问、谴责、辩解、赞赏、感谢、愿望等等。
了解了英文商务信函的如上特点,在翻译时就要充分考虑这些特点,选择恰当的翻译方法和策略和方法。在将英文商务信函汉译时我们应注意以下的几个方面。首先,要准确传达原文的信息。商务信函涉及到公司之间的贸易往来,在翻译时出现任何小的偏差都可能给买卖双方造成损失,正可谓失之毫厘,谬之千里。因此,译者必须要做到准确传达原文的信息,而这又主要涉及到如下的方面。(1)专业术语的翻译要准确规范,符合惯例。例如,第一封信函的第[1]段中的proforma
invoice 是形式发票,第[2]段中的CIF是到岸价格,L/C是信用证。第二封的第[4]段中的counter-offer是还盘,第三封中的non-negotiable
bill of loading是不可转让提单,insurance
policy是保险单,inspection
certificate是检验证书。由于经过长期的使用和相关的规定,这些术语都有其特定的内涵,意思清楚明白。作为译者,当遇到此类专业术语时切忌望文生义,或是凭以往的经验猜测,凡是不明白的一定要查阅相关的专业词典或请教业内人士,使用专业人士已经认可的规范译法,这样才可以避免造成不必要的麻烦。常见的术语还包括:trimming
charges(平仓费),establishment(开证),counter-suggestion(反还盘),bid(递盘),irrevocable
letter of credit(不可撤销信用证),FOB(离岸价格),C.B.D.(付现提货)等等。(2)许多平时常用的词或词组用到商务信函中就不再是原来的意思了,而是具有了特定的专业意义。例如,第四封信函中第[4]段中的claim在这里的意思就是“索赔”。再比如:At
present, we cannot entertain your counter-offer, as our
price is quite reasonable.
这句话中的entertain就不是一般意义上的“款待”或“娱乐”的意思,在商务信函中它常作consider解。所以,在翻译时注意了解有些词汇的多义性的一面并勤查专业工具书,这样才能保证翻译的准确性。(3)
英文商务信函中常会使用一些语法结构相对复杂的句式,在翻译时应根据上下文仔细自己推敲,理清原文的语法结构和逻辑关系,准确把握原文的信息。
其次,要贴切地再现原文的语气。我们在上文中已经提到,英文商务信函中涉及到许多的情态和语气,因此在翻译时译者要准确把握原文的语气,并将其在译文中再现出来。例如,第二封信函表达的是一种建议和愿望,而第四封表达的是质问和谴责。但我们应当注意的是,在英文商务信函中即便是表达谴责和质问,措词依然较为礼貌,所以在翻译时既要传达原文的谴责、质问的语气,又要不失礼貌的态度,译者应准确把握这一点。
&&&& &再次,译文应符合公函文体的语体言特征。在英文商务信函中会较多的使用一些套语,如第一封信函的第[3]段,第二封的第[2]段中的
“In reply, we very much regret to state that…”等。相应的,在汉语商务信函中我们也有一些套语,如“贵(方,公司)”、“兹复”、“欣闻”、“获悉”、“为盼”、“承蒙”、“烦请”等。翻译时,要注意寻找和英文商务信函中的套语相对应的中文套语。常用的一些套语还包括:please
be informed that(兹告知贵方对方),be
subject to change without previous notice(随时可能改变,不另行通知),I
have pleasure in apprising you that(我十分高兴地通知您),We
are looking forward to a favorable reply.(静候贵方佳音),we
should be grateful/pleased if …(如能……,将不胜感激)等等。这类套语还有很多,需要在平时注意积累。此外,既然是公函文体,在遣词造句时就要选择简洁的书面语,避免口语体和广告体。本单元中的四个译文就很好地做到了这一点。我们再举一例.
“Our prices already make full allowance for large orders
and, as I am sure you know, we operate in a highly
competitive market in which we have been forced to cut our
prices to the minimum.”
比较一下下面的两个译文。译文1:“我们的价格已经是大量批发的价格了。另外,你也知道,我们的行业竞争非常激烈,逼得我们将价格降到最低底。”译文2:“我方报价已考虑到大批量订货的因素。相信贵公司也了解,由于激烈的市场竞争带来的压力,我们已经将价格降到最低程度了。”很显然,译文1的措辞过于口语化,而译文2才是合乎公函文体的说法。
最后再说一下称呼和落款的翻译。通常,英文商务信函的称呼会用Dear
Sirs/Gentlemen等,翻译时不必译为“亲爱的先生们”,我们一般将其译为“敬启者”。英文商务信函落款时常用的“Yours
truly/sincerely”也不必译为“您忠诚的/诚挚的”,通常情况下我们译为“敬上/谨上”。
:&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Shipping Instructions
Dear Gentlemen,
We are in receipt of your telegram of May 8, from which we
understand that you have booked our order for 1,000 dozens
of shirts.
In reply, we have the pleasure of informing you that the
confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit No. 5201, amounting
$8,500 has been opened this morning through the Tianjin
Communication Bank. Upon receipt of the same, please arrange
shipment of the goods booked by us with the least possible
delay. We are informed that S.S. &WuXi& is scheduled to sail
from your city to our port on May 30. We wish that the
shipment will be carried by that steamer.
Should this trial order prove satisfactory to our customers,
we can assure you that repeat orders in increased quantities
will be placed.
Your close co-operation in this respect will be highly
appreciated. In the meantime we look forward to your
shipping advice.
Yours sincerely
翻译时注意专业术语、套语的翻译,并注意根据原文的语气恰当的遣词造句。对于不熟悉的词汇要查阅专业词典。
Passage 6 :&&&&
Counter-suggestion to a Counter-offer&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Dear Sirs,
We have carefully studied your letter of Step.16. As our two
firms have done business with each other for so many years,
we should like to grant your request to lower the prices of
our underwear. But there are difficulties. Our cost of raw
materials has risen sharply in the past three months and to
reduce prices by 8% you mentioned could not be done without
considerably lowering our standards of quality. This is
something we are not prepared to do. Instead of 8% reduction
on underwear, we suggest a reduction of 6% on all lines. On
orders of this size we could manage to make the reduction
without lowering our standards.
We hope you will agree to our counter-suggestion and we look
forward to receiving orders from you as in the past.
Yours truly,
参考译文:&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
五月八日电悉,贵公司已接受本公司订货,购买 1000
本公司欣然答复如下:第
5201 号保兑之不可撤消信用证,金额为8500
美元,已于今晨通过天津交通银行开出。贵公司收到后,请将所订的货物迅速装运。另据悉“无锡”号轮定于五月三十日从贵处开往我港,本公司希望由该轮装运此批货物。
若此次试购使本公司客户满意,本公司保证继续大量订货。
我们对贵公司在这方面的密切合作深表感谢,并敬候贵公司的装运通知。
参考译文:&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
反还盘&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&& 我们仔细研究了贵方9月16日来函。我们两家公司有多年的业务往来,我们本该同意贵公司降低内衣价格的要求,但困难不少。在过去的三个月内原料成本上涨很快,若按贵公司所提减价8%,
很难不大大影响产品质量标准,而这是我公司不愿采取的做法。因此,我们建议所有货价减少6%,而不是8%。这样做将不会因减价而影响产品质量。
希望贵公司接受我方的反还盘,并一如既往寄来订单。
应用语篇的翻译应特别遵循奈达提出的动态对等原则(参见第三章
Unit Three
讲解二),即应该保证读者得到准确的信息,达到预期的交际效果。广告的功能是唤起读者的兴趣,它的翻译须以读者为中心,迎合译语读者的文化取向,采用对他们有感召力的语言。因此,广告翻译中出现大段增删、改写也是不足为奇的。法律文献和商业文件的翻译都需要一定的跨学科知识,即双语知识加有关行业的知识。这在翻译操作这一层面上反映了翻译的跨学科性质。
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

我要回帖

更多关于 计算机专业术语翻译 的文章

 

随机推荐